2.3 あなたのお金か人生(Your Money or Your Life (YMYL) )系トピックス

原文

2.3 Your Money or Your Life (YMYL) Topics

Pages on the World Wide Web are about a vast variety of topics. Some topics have a high risk of harm because content about these topics could significantly impact the health, financial stability, or safety of people, or the welfare or well-being of society. We call these topics “Your Money or Your Life” or YMYL.

YMYL topics may significantly impact or harm one or more of the following:
● the person who is directly viewing or using the content
● other people who are affected by the person who viewed the content
● groups of people or society affected by the actions of people who viewed the content

YMYL topics can directly and significantly impact people’s health, financial stability or safety, or the welfare or well-being of society, because of the following reasons:
● The topic itself is harmful or dangerous.For example, there is clear and present harm directly associated with topics related to self-harm, criminal acts, or violent extremism.
● The topic could cause harm if the content is not accurate and trustworthy.For example, mild inaccuracies or content from less reliable sources could significantly impact someone’s health, financial stability, or safety, or impact society, for topics like: symptoms of a heart attack, how to invest money, what to do if there is an earthquake, who can vote, or needed qualifications for obtaining a driver’s license.

To determine whether a topic is YMYL, assess the following types of harm that might occur:

● YMYL Health or Safety : Topics that could harm mental, physical, and emotional health, or any form of safety such as physical safety or safety online.
● YMYL Financial Security : Topics that could damage a person’s ability to support themselves and their families.
● YMYL Society : Topics that could negatively impact groups of people, issues of public interest, trust in public institutions, etc.
● YMYL Other: Topics that could hurt people or negatively impact welfare or well-being of society.

It’s possible to imagine a hypothetical harmful page for any non-harmful topic, such as the science behind rainbows or shopping for pencils: for either of these topics, someone could build a page that has a malicious computer virus download. However, for a specific topic to be YMYL, the topic itself must potentially impact people’s health, financial stability, or safety, or the welfare or well-being of society.

Many or most topics are not YMYL and do not require a high level of accuracy or trust to prevent harm . Because YMYL assessment is a spectrum, it may be helpful to think of topics as clear YMYL, definitely not YMYL or something in between. Pages on clear YMYL topics require the most scrutiny for Page Quality rating.

Type of Topic	Clear YMYL Topic	May be YMYL Topic	Not or Unlikely YMYL Topic
Information Could significant harm result from inaccurate information?	Evacuation routes for a tsunami Explanation : Inaccurate information on evacuation routes could cause significant harm to people.	Weather forecast Explanation : In most situations, slightly inaccurate information about the weather forecast will not cause harm. People often ask family members "what’s the weather today".	Music award winners Explanation : This topic is unlikely to cause harm.
Advice about an activity Could significant harm result from poor advice?	When to go to the emergency room Explanation : Bad advice on when to go to the emergency room could cause significant harm.	How often to replace a toothbrush Explanation : This is a casual health topic people commonly discuss with friends. A slightly imperfect suggestion is unlikely to significantly impact health or safety.	How frequently to wash jeans Explanation : This topic is unlikely to cause harm.
A personal opinion What impact could this opinion have on other people and society?	Personal opinion about why a racial group is inferior Explanation : Pages on this topic have been used to justify or incite violence against groups of people.	Personal opinion about why an exercise is inferior Explanation : While there may be a health concern if the exercise is extreme or risky, most discussions of jogging vs swimming, etc. involve personal preference.	Personal opinion about why a rock band is inferior Explanation : This topic is unlikely to cause harm, although there may be strong opinions involved!
News about current events Could this topic significantly impact people and society? For societal impact, consider issues such as elections and trust in public institutions that benefit society.	News about ongoing violence Explanation : People need accurate information to stay safe.Society may also be impacted by information about ongoing violence, as citizens and governments make civic decisions accordingly.	News about a car accident Explanation : The accident itself may have been harmful, but there is likely little risk of future harm from small inaccuracies in reporting about an incident.	News about a local high school basketball game Explanation : This topic is unlikely to cause harm.
Sharing on social media Could the social media post cause significant harm? Could it hurt individuals? Could it damage society if widely shared?	A tide pod challenge post Explanation : This harmful social media challenge was responsible for deaths.	A hot sauce challenge Explanation : While some people may experience some discomfort by tasting various hot sauces, it is unlikely that sharing about such challenges would cause significant harm.	A music video Explanation : This type of content generally has little risk of harm.
Online commerce and product reviews Consider the product. Could the product cause significant harm?	Purchasing prescription drugs Explanation : Prescription drugs have the potential to cause harm and require purchase from licensed pharmacies.	Review of a type of car Explanation : While cars are big purchases, many people ask friends and family about cars.	Purchasing pencils Explanation : Pencils and other everyday items are unlikely to cause harm.

If you are having trouble deciding whether a topic is YMYL, consider the following questions:
1. Would a careful person seek out experts or highly trusted sources to prevent harm ? Could even minor inaccuracies cause harm? If yes, then the topic is likely YMYL.
2. Is the specific topic one that most people would be content with only casually consulting their friends about? If yes, the topic is likely not YMYL.

Important : For pages about clear YMYL topics, we have very high Page Quality rating standards because low quality pages on such topics could potentially negatively impact a person’s health, financial stability, or safety, or the welfare or well-being of society.

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